What is the main focus of anti-dumping and countervailing duties?

The main focus of anti-dumping and countervailing duties is to prevent unfair competition and protect U.S. industry. These measures are specifically designed to level the playing field for domestic manufacturers who may be adversely affected by foreign competitors engaging in unfair trade practices, such as selling products below market value (dumping) or benefiting from subsidies provided by their governments (countervailing).

By imposing these duties, the U.S. government aims to mitigate the negative impacts that such practices can have on local markets and industries. This protection encourages fair competition, allowing U.S. companies to compete on more equal terms with foreign producers, thus preserving jobs and fostering economic stability within the country. Ultimately, these duties support the long-term health of domestic industries by ensuring that competition is based on market-based prices rather than artificially low prices due to dumping or unfair subsidies.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the primary objective of anti-dumping and countervailing duties, which is centered around protecting domestic interests against manipulation in international trade rather than simply increasing tariffs, promoting free trade agreements, or regulating domestic production.