What is the key shipping document that serves as a contract for transporting cargo?

The Bill of Lading serves as a key shipping document that functions as a contract for transporting cargo. This document outlines the agreement between the shipper and the carrier regarding the transportation of goods. It provides essential details such as the type and quantity of cargo, the destination, and the terms and conditions under which the goods are being transported. Furthermore, a Bill of Lading acts as a receipt for the goods once they are loaded onto the shipping vessel, confirming that the carrier has taken possession of the cargo.

In addition to its role as a contract and receipt, the Bill of Lading also serves as a document of title, meaning it can be transferred or assigned to others. This characteristic allows for the trading of goods even before they reach their ultimate destination.

The other choices, while often important in logistics and shipping, do not fulfill the same contractual role. The Shipping Manifest is a detailed list of the cargo on board but does not serve as a contract. The Customs Declaration is used for customs clearance and compliance but does not relate to the contractual aspects of shipping. The Freight Bill outlines the charges related to the transportation of goods but is not the legal contract that governs the movement of those goods.