What is the fundamental basis of human smuggling?

The fundamental basis of human smuggling centers on the transportation of individuals across borders, typically in violation of immigration laws. This practice often involves individuals seeking to escape difficult circumstances in their home countries or searching for better opportunities elsewhere. The key aspect of human smuggling is that it actively involves the act of moving people from one location to another, often in unsafe or clandestine conditions.

Other options, while they may relate to the broader context of human smuggling, do not capture the core element of the activity itself. Provision of false documents can facilitate smuggling but is not the primary basis. Employment arrangements and accommodation services may sometimes occur in conjunction with smuggling activities, but they do not define what human smuggling fundamentally is. Thus, the transportation of individuals is the essential and defining characteristic of human smuggling.